Notifications In Android

What is Notification

Android allows to put notification into the titlebar of your application. The user can expand the notification bar and by selecting the notification the user can trigger another activity.

A notification is a message you can display to the user outside of your application's normal UI. When you tell the system to issue a notification, it first appears as an icon in the notification area. To see the details of the notification, the user opens the notification drawer. Both the notification area and the notification drawer are system-controlled areas that the user can view at any time.

Elements of Notification

1. Content title
2. Large icon
3. Content text
4. Content info
5. Small icon
6. Time that the notification was issued.

Creating a Notification

We need to specify the UI information and actions for a notification in a NotificationCompat.Builder object. To create the notification itself, you call NotificationCompat.Builder.build(), which returns a Notification object containing your specifications. To issue the notification, you pass the Notification object to the system by calling NotificationManager.notify().

A Notification object must contain the following:

• A small icon, set by setSmallIcon()
• A title, set by setContentTitle()
• Detail text, set by setContentText()

The following code snippet illustrates a simple notification that specifies an activity to open when the user clicks the notification. Notice that the code creates a TaskStackBuilder object and uses it to create the PendingIntent for the action

NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder =

        new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)

        .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.notification_icon)

        .setContentTitle("My notification")

        .setContentText("Hello World!");

// Creates an explicit intent for an Activity in your app

Intent resultIntent = new Intent(this, ResultActivity.class);

// The stack builder object will contain an artificial back stack for the

// started Activity.

// This ensures that navigating backward from the Activity leads out of

// your application to the Home screen.

TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(this);

// Adds the back stack for the Intent (but not the Intent itself)

stackBuilder.addParentStack(ResultActivity.class);

// Adds the Intent that starts the Activity to the top of the stack

stackBuilder.addNextIntent(resultIntent);

PendingIntent resultPendingIntent =

        stackBuilder.getPendingIntent(

            0,

            PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT

        );

mBuilder.setContentIntent(resultPendingIntent);

NotificationManager mNotificationManager =

    (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

// mId allows you to update the notification later on.

mNotificationManager.notify(mId, mBuilder.build());

Removing or Cancelling Notifications

Notifications remain visible until one of the following happens:

The user dismisses the notification either individually or by using "Clear All" (if the notification can be cleared).

The user clicks the notification, and you called setAutoCancel() when you created the notification.

You call cancel() for a specific notification ID. This method also deletes ongoing notifications.

You call cancelAll(), which removes all of the notifications you previously issued.

How To Receive SMS in Android

In this tutorial we will learn how to Receive a SMS and retrieve the Message and Sender's Phone Number.

To learn How to Send SMS read this How to Send SMS

We need to have a receiver class that will extend BroadcastReceiver class.

To receive SMS we to declare <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"> in manifest file

Some More Good  Android Topics

Customizing Toast In Android 

 Showing Toast for Longer Time

Customizing Checkboxes In Android  

Customizing Progress Bar

Create a new Class SMSReceiver

In manifest we need to register  the SMSReceiver like this

<receiver android:name=".SmsReceiver"> 
            <intent-filter> 
                <action android:name=
                    "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" /> 
            </intent-filter> 

 </receiver>

Your manifest file should look like this

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="net.learn2develop.SMSMessaging"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0.0">

 <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".SMS"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>        
 
        <receiver android:name=".SmsReceiver"> 
            <intent-filter> 
                <action android:name=
                    "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" /> 
            </intent-filter> 
        </receiver>
 
    </application>
    <!-- Permission to Receive SMS  -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS">
    </uses-permission>
</manifest>

SMSReceiver class

public class SmsReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) 
    {
        //---get the SMS message passed in---
        Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();        
        SmsMessage[] msgs = null;
        String messageReceived = "";            
        if (bundle != null)
        {
            //---retrieve the SMS message received---
           Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
            msgs = new SmsMessage[pdus.length];            
            for (int i=0; i<msgs.length; i++)
            {
                msgs[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[])pdus[i]);                
                messageReceived += msgs[i].getMessageBody().toString();
                messageReceived += "\n";        
            }
 

            //---display the new SMS message---
            Toast.makeText(context, messageReceived, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            // Get the Sender Phone Number
           String senderPhoneNumber=msgs[0].getOriginatingAddress ();   
       }                         
    }
}


 To get the Sender's Number use 
 msgs[0].getOriginatingAddress ()

To learn How to Send SMS read this How to Send SMS

 

New Advance Topics:
Android ImageSwitcher                    Android TextSwitcher                                Android ViewFlipper
Android Gesture Detector               Handling/Detecting Swap Events                Gradient Drawable
Detecting Missed Calls                    Hide Title Bar                                           GridView Animation

 Beginning With Android
      Android : Introduction                                                              Configuring Eclipse for Android Development
     Creating Your First Android Project                                           Understanding Android Manifest File of your android app

 Advance Android Topics                                                              Customizing Android Views

      Customizing Toast In Android                                                        Customizing Radio Buttons

      Showing Toast for Longer Time                                                      Customizing Checkboxes In Android

      Customizing the Display Time of Toast                                           Customizing ProgressBar

      Using TimePickerDialog and DatePickerDialog In android                 Customizing Toast In Android

      Animating A Button In Android

      Populating ListView With DataBase                                           Android Animation

      Increasin Size of Checkboxes                                                   Using Android ImageSwitcher  

      Android ProgressBar                                                                 Using Android TextSwitcher

      Designing For Different Screen Sizes                                            GridView Animation

      Handling Keyboard Events                                                        Animating A Button In Android

      Scheduling Task Using AlarmManger

Working With Layouts                                                                Working With Views

Understanding Layouts in Android                                                   Using Buttons and EditText in Android
Working with Linear Layout (With Example)                                     Using CheckBoxes in Android
Nested Linear Layout (With Example)                                              Using AutoCompleteTextView in Android                                                                                          Grid View
Relative Layout In Android                                                               ListView
Table Layout                                                                                   Android ProgressBar
Frame Layout(With Example)                                                          Customizing ProgressBar
Absolute Layout                                                                             Customizing Radio Buttons
Grid Layout                                                                                    Customizing Checkboxes In Android

Android Components                                                                 Dialogs In Android

Activity In Android                                                                    Working With Alert Dialog
Activity Life Cycle                                                                    Adding Radio Buttons In Dialog
Starting Activity For Result                                                       Adding Check Boxes In Dialog
Sending Data from One Activity to Other in Android                    Creating Customized Dialogs in Android
Returning Result from Activity                                                   Creating Dialog To Collect User Input
Android : Service                                                                     DatePicker and TimePickerDialog
BroadcastReceiver                                                                   Using TimePickerDialog and DatePickerDialog In android

Menus In Android                                                                ListView:
Creating Option Menu                                                               Populating ListView With DataBase
Creating Context Menu In Android                                              Populating ListView with ArrayList
                                                                                               ListView with Custom Adapter

Toast                                                                                      Working With SMS
Customizing Toast In Android                                                       How to Send SMS in Android
Customizing the Display Time of Toast                                        How To Receive SMS
Customizing Toast At Runtime                                                  Accessing Inbox In Android
Adding Image in Toast
Showing Toast for Longer Time


TelephonyManager                                                            Storage: Storing Data In Android
Using Telephony Manager In Android                                          SharedPreferences In Android
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Working With Incoming Calls                                             DataBase
How To Handle Incoming Calls in Android                                Working With Database in Android
How to Forward an Incoming Call In Android                            Creating Table In Android
CALL States In Android                                                          Inserting, Deleting and Updating Records In Table in Android


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Notifications In Android
How To Vibrate The Android Phone
Sending Email In Android
Opening a webpage In Browser
How to Access PhoneBook In Android
Prompt User Input with an AlertDialog

How To Send SMS in Android

Till now I  believe that you are familiar with android view like TextView,EditText,Buttons etc. Now we will develop some application that will do sometthing useful.

In this tutotial we learn how to send SMS from one device to another.

In android we use SMS Manager  class to send a SMS and to perform all activities related to SMS.

In android we need  permission to send SMS , we use  "android.permission.SEND_SMS"  permission to send SMS so do not forget to include this permission in manifest file

Note: all the permissions must be declared in manifest file.

Now create a new Project and start.

Editing .xml file
Edit your .xml file , add two Edittext and one Button
First Edittext to enter the PhoneNumber to whom we have to send the SMS
Second EditText to enter  the SMS Body.
And A Button to Send SMS.

</manifest><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:layout_width="fill_parent"

    android:layout_height="fill_parent"

    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:text="Enter the phone number of recipient"

        android:text="Enter the phone number of recipient" />

    <EditText

        android:id="@+id/txtPhoneNo"

        android:id="@+id/txtPhoneNo"

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <TextView

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:text="Message" />

android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="Message"

    <EditText

        android:id="@+id/txtMessage"

        android:id="@+id/txtMessage"

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_height="150px"

        android:layout_height="150px"

        android:gravity="top"

        android:gravity="top" />

    <Button

        android:id="@+id/btnSendSMS"

        android:id="@+id/btnSendSMS"

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_width="fill_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:text="Send SMS"

        android:text="Send SMS" />

</LinearLayout>

DO Not forget to add the permission in manifest file, Manifest file should look like

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="net.learn2develop.SMSMessaging"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".SMS"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS">
    </uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS">
    </uses-permission>
</manifest>

Activity File:

public class SMS extends Activity 
{
    Button btnSendSMS;
    EditText txtPhoneNo;
    EditText txtMessage;
 
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);        
 
        btnSendSMS = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSendSMS);
        txtPhoneNo = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtPhoneNo);
        txtMessage = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtMessage);
 
        btnSendSMS.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() 
        {
            public void onClick(View v) 
            {                
                String phoneNo = txtPhoneNo.getText().toString();
                String message = txtMessage.getText().toString();                 
                if (phoneNo.length()>0 && message.length()>0)                
                    sendSMS(phoneNo, message);                
                else
                    Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), 
                        "Please enter both phone number and message.", 
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });        
    }    

To send an SMS message, you use the SmsManager class. Unlike other classes, you do not directly instantiate this class; instead you will call the getDefault() static method to obtain an SmsManager object. The sendTextMessage()method sends the SMS message with a PendingIntent. The PendingIntent object is used to identify a target to invoke at a later time. For example, after sending the message, you can use a PendingIntent object to display another activity. In this case, the PendingIntent object (pi) is simply pointing to the same activity (SMS.java), so when the SMS is sent, nothing will happen.

If you need to monitor the status of the SMS message sending process, you can actually use two PendingIntentobjects together with two BroadcastReceiver objects, like this:

private void sendSMS(String phoneNumber, String message)
    {        
        String SENT = "SMS_SENT";
        String DELIVERED = "SMS_DELIVERED";
 
        PendingIntent sentPI = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0,
            new Intent(SENT), 0);
 
        PendingIntent deliveredPI = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0,
            new Intent(DELIVERED), 0);
 
        //---when the SMS has been sent---
        registerReceiver(new BroadcastReceiver(){
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context arg0, Intent arg1) {
                switch (getResultCode())
                {
                    case Activity.RESULT_OK:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "SMS sent", 
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                    case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_GENERIC_FAILURE:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Generic failure", 
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                    case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_NO_SERVICE:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "No service", 
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                    case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_NULL_PDU:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Null PDU", 
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                    case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_RADIO_OFF:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Radio off", 
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                }
            }
        }, new IntentFilter(SENT));
 
        //---when the SMS has been delivered---
        registerReceiver(new BroadcastReceiver(){
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context arg0, Intent arg1) {
                switch (getResultCode())
                {
                    case Activity.RESULT_OK:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "SMS delivered", 
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                    case Activity.RESULT_CANCELED:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "SMS not delivered", 
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;                        
                }
            }
        }, new IntentFilter(DELIVERED));        
 
        SmsManager sms = SmsManager.getDefault();
        sms.sendTextMessage(phoneNumber, null, message, sentPI, deliveredPI);        
    }


The above code uses a PendingIntent object (sentPI) to monitor the sending process. When an SMS message is sent, the first BroadcastReceiver's onReceive event will fire. This is where you check the status of the sending process. The second PendingIntent object (deliveredPI) monitors the delivery process. The second BroadcastReceiver's onReceiveevent will fire when an SMS is successfully delivered.

Hope You Enjoyed it . Comments and Questions are welcome.

To Learn How To Receice SMS read How to Recieve SMS